LOANWORD

In Japan, zangyo has long been seen as a symbol of effort and responsibility. Yet, at the same time, it has also become a cause of health risks and social problems. This article explores both sides in detail.

The Kanji 「捷克」 is a historical notation for the Czech Republic, used in Japan during earlier eras of international diplomacy. Beyond its unique name, the Czech Republic is admired in Japan for its fairytale-like towns, world-class music, delicious beer, and impressive sports performances. Understanding these associations reveals how the country continues to capture the imagination of Japanese people.

The kanji notation “玖馬” is not an official standard but a symbolic expression that resonates with Japanese perceptions of Cuba. Beyond its phonetic value, it reflects the nation’s identity as a cultural powerhouse, a sports nation, and a politically unique country.

Once known as “Madras,” Chennai was renamed in 1996. In Japanese, unlike other major cities, there is no kanji notation, and it follows the rule of foreign words, written as “チェンナイ.” This article introduces the various images Japanese people have of Chennai.

Shenzhen, a city that symbolizes China’s rapid economic growth, gives Japanese people a variety of impressions not only because of its different notations but also because of its urban identity. This article examines the background of the “深圳” character notation while also analyzing Japanese perceptions of Shenzhen from the perspectives of economy, lifestyle, tourism, and sports.

Rio de Janeiro is a vibrant city where nature, culture, and sports converge. Although the kanji notation “黎押” exists, it is rarely used in daily life, where katakana dominates. For Japanese people, Rio represents a city of glamorous Carnival, passionate soccer, and concerns about safety.

When Japanese people hear “Illinois,” many think of Chicago’s skyscrapers or its jazz heritage. At the same time, Illinois is also known as an agricultural powerhouse and home to sports icons like the NBA’s Chicago Bulls. This article takes a closer look at how Illinois is perceived in Japan across multiple perspectives.

For Japanese people, Tunisia is a land that blends Mediterranean beauty, Sahara desert adventures, and ancient history. Beyond its stunning scenery, the country is written in Chinese characters as "突尼斯," a symbol that carries strength and exoticism. From cultural heritage to soccer and Olympic achievements, Tunisia is seen not only as a travel destination but also as a country full of vitality and pride.

Bolivia is often considered a distant country for most Japanese people, yet it carries powerful cultural associations. From colorful festivals and traditional clothing to soccer played at extreme altitudes, Bolivia offers a mix of tradition, nature, and resilience. Even its name has been written in various kanji forms, showcasing the creativity of linguistic adaptation in Japan.

Although the name “Benin” is rarely heard in Japan, in Chinese it is expressed as “贝宁.” Known for its history of the slave trade and as the birthplace of Vodun, Benin is building stronger ties with Japan through unique culture, international cooperation, and sports.